Uchebnik 8 Klassa Kosulina Konspekt 14 Paragrafa ★ Validated

Lived on state land and paid taxes directly to the government. They were technically "free" but still tied to the land.

The beginning of the 19th century saw a slow transition. While the estate system remained rigid, the under Alexander I was a first, though small, step toward allowing serfs to buy their freedom, signaling that the old social order was beginning to crack. uchebnik 8 klassa kosulina konspekt 14 paragrafa

In this period, your rights, duties, and even the taxes you paid were determined entirely by the group you were born into. These were divided into two categories: (exempt from taxes and corporal punishment) and unprivileged (burdened by taxes and service). 1. The Clergy (Privileged) Lived on state land and paid taxes directly

They were exempt from the "poll tax" ( podushnaya podat ) and military recruitment. 2. The Nobility (The Ruling Class) While the estate system remained rigid, the under

Parish priests who were allowed to marry and have families.

A unique military estate that guarded the empire's borders. In exchange for military service, they held land and remained free from taxes. Urban Dwellers ( Meschane )

Peasants made up over 90% of the population and carried the heaviest burden.