The 2017 edition of this textbook focuses on the transition from the Middle Ages to the Early Modern period. Major themes include:
It was a movement to reform the Catholic Church, sparked by Martin Luther’s "95 Theses" in 1517. The 2017 edition of this textbook focuses on
The rise of powerful monarchs in France (Louis XIV), England, and Spain. Corruption within the clergy, the sale of indulgences
Corruption within the clergy, the sale of indulgences (forgiveness of sins for money), and the Church's immense land wealth. 3. Define "Absolutism." The "gold hunger" of European monarchs and merchants
The search for new trade routes to India to bypass Ottoman taxes. The "gold hunger" of European monarchs and merchants.
The voyages of Columbus, Vasco da Gama, and Magellan, and the beginning of colonial empires.
The challenge to the Catholic Church by Martin Luther and John Calvin, leading to religious wars in Europe.